• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    plant wall and modules for plant growth. The present invention relates to a plant wall and plant growth module which is described where the plant wall and module provide the controlled delivery of water and nutrients to the plants located in the plant wall and module. the plant wall may include an array of modules, each module filled with an inert growth medium. the inert growth medium preferably includes openings in which plants are attached and from which plants can grow from the growth medium. an irrigation system distributes water and nutrients to each module and can be removed and replaced from the plant wall without removing the irrigation system. additionally, a drainage channel, such as a rear drainage channel, is formed so that excess water can exit the modules. capillary breaks can also be provided within the growth medium of each module to aid in the distribution of water and nutrients throughout the growth medium.
    公开号:BR112012010908B1
    申请号:R112012010908-1
    申请日:2010-11-08
    公开日:2021-08-03
    发明作者:Mark Laurence；Richard Alexander Sabin
    申请人:Biotecture Ip Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This application claims priority from U.S. Application No. 12/872,657 filed August 31, 2010 and UK Patent Application No. 0919544.7, filed November 9, 2009 and the descriptions of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
    The present description is directed to walls and modules for plant growth. The walls can include at least one module configured to receive plants from which the plates can grow. Background
    The walls from which plants grow are known from the prior art. Such walls can be formed from an array of rectangular box construction components secured to a support panel. Each component is filled with a growing medium, and plants grow through openings on a front face of a component with their roots positioned in the growing medium. Such components and walls are described in UK patent publication 2457537.
    One problem with these walls is the loss of valuable nutrients. Plants on the walls are irrigated with water, which contains nutrients. As nutrient-containing water is fed into the components, excess water is pulled down by gravity, drips down through openings in the underside of an upper wall component, and then enters a lower component immediately below the top wall component through its top face. This leads to over-watering of plants at the bottom of the wall. Additionally, plaques grow inconsistently across the wall. Plants at the bottom of the wall die from excess water, while plants at the top of the wall may die from inadequate amounts of water and nutrients.
    Another problem with the prior art is that the irrigation pipes are integrated with and inseparable from the wall components. If it is desirable to remove a component from the wall, for example to replace it or supply it with new plants, the irrigation pipes also need to be disconnected. Disconnecting and removing irrigation pipes is time-consuming and inefficient, and can adversely affect plants and roots, for example, damaging plants and roots.
    There is a need to create a structure that provides the controlled distribution, and drainage of water and nutrients to a plant wall for use in plant growth. The wall components or modules used in the plant wall will then provide a more homogeneous distribution of water and nutrients across all levels of the plant wall. summary
    The teachings presented here alleviate one or more of the problems noted above by providing a plant module and wall for plant growth. In one example, the module includes a main body to house an inert growth medium. The main body has a front, a back, a top, a bottom, and sides. The inert growth medium includes a plurality of sections separated from one another by a capillary break. The inert growth medium is configured to receive at least one plant from which the plant can grow. In another example, the capillary break includes a capillary membrane. The capillary membrane may comprise an interweaving core and a permeable membrane secured to one or both sides of the weaving core. In a further example, the inert growth medium consists of a mineral fiber, which fiber is oriented substantially parallel to the top and bottom of the main body of the module. The module can additionally include a heating element to supply heat to the growth medium.
    The module may include a drainage channel adjacent to the bottom of the main body. Excess water distributed to the inert growth medium exits the growth medium into the drainage channel.
    In one example, the drainage channel can be formed into a drainage membrane. A permeable membrane and an impermeable membrane may comprise the drainage membrane, where the permeable membrane is positioned adjacent to the bottom of the main body. In another example, the drainage channel may be formed into a drainage module positioned adjacent to the bottom of the main body.
    A second embodiment of the plant wall includes a module for housing an inert growth medium. The module is configured to receive and facilitate the growth of at least one plant. The module includes a front, a back, a top, a bottom and sides. A support frame provides the module to be fixed to a wall. The plant wall also includes an irrigation system to distribute water (and any necessary nutrients) to the growing medium. A drainage channel is formed between the rear of the module and the support structure. Excess water distributed to the inert growth medium by the irrigation system leaves the growth medium of an upper module into the drainage channel, without entering the modules positioned below the upper modules. In another example, the plant wall may include a plurality of modules.
    A third embodiment of the plant wall comprises a drainage channel formed within a drainage membrane. A permeable membrane and an impermeable membrane together form a drainage membrane. The permeable membrane is positioned adjacent to the rear of the module. In another example, the drain channel can be formed into a drain module positioned between the rear of the module and the supporting structure.
    In a fourth embodiment, a plant wall includes a removable module for housing an inert growth medium, configured to receive at least one plant. The plant is able to grow inside the removable module. The removable module includes a front, a back, a top, a bottom and sides. A support frame is additionally provided to secure the removable module to a wall. The plant wall also includes an irrigation system to distribute water (and any necessary nutrients) to the growing medium. The removable module and irrigation system are configured so that the removable module can be removed from the support structure without removing the irrigation system. In another example, the plant wall may include a plurality of removable modules, which form a matrix.
    In a fifth modality, a drainage channel is formed between the rear of the module and the support structure. Excess water distributed to the inert growing medium by the irrigation system exits the growing medium, and drains into the drainage channel. In another example, from the plant wall, the drainage channel can be formed into a drainage membrane. A permeable membrane and impermeable membrane can comprise the drainage membrane. The permeable membrane is positioned adjacent to the rear of the module. In another example, the drain channel can be formed into a drain module positioned between the back of the module and the supporting structure. In a further example, the drain channel can be configured so that the removable module can be removed from the supporting structure without removing the drain channel. In other examples, the plant walls may additionally include a heating element to supply heat to plants and roots located in the inert growing medium.
    Additional advantages and novelty features will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the accompanying drawings, or may be learned by producing or operating the examples. The advantages of the present teachings can be realized and gained by practicing or using various aspects of the methodologies, instrumentalities and combinations presented in the detailed examples discussed below. Brief Description of Drawings
    The drawing figures show one or more implementations in accordance with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, similar numerical references refer to the same or similar elements.
    In order to understand the present teachings, they will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates an exploded view of a plant wall in accordance with an example of the present description; Figure 2 illustrates a side elevation cross section of the illustrative plant wall shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 shows a front elevation of the illustrative plant wall shown in Figure 1; Figure 4 illustrates a cross section of a module according to an example of the present description; Figure 5 illustrates an exploded side elevation cross section of a plant wall according to another example of the present description; Figure 6 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a module according to a further example of the present description; Figure 7 is an exploded side elevation of the modules according to the illustrative module shown in Figure 6; Figure 8 illustrates a top view of a module according to a further embodiment of the present description, including a first section and a second section; Figure 9 illustrates a perspective view of the module shown in Figure 8; Figure 10 illustrates a perspective view from the rear of the second section of the module of Figures 8 and 9; Figure 11 illustrates a front elevation of the first section of the module shown in Figure 8; Figure 12 illustrates a side elevation of the module shown in Figure 8. Detailed Description
    In the following detailed description, a number of specific details are presented through examples in order to provide an in-depth understanding of the relevant teachings. While the present description and teachings described herein are susceptible to embodiments in many different ways, preferred embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described here in detail with the understanding that the present description is to be considered an exemplification of the principles and teachings discussed herein and they should not limit the broad scope of the description and teachings described. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present teachings can be practiced without such details. In other cases, well-known methods, procedures and/or components have been described at a relatively high level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings.
    The examples described here provide a plant wall and module for plant growth. The plant wall and modules discussed here provide for the controlled distribution of water and nutrients to the plants located in the plant wall and modules, and also for the drainage of excess water and nutrients from the plant wall and modules. As a result, plants located on different levels of plant walls are equally wet, which keeps the plants robust and able to grow evenly through the plant wall. Additionally, the plant wall and modules provide root control so that the roots are confined and contained in and around the modules, and do not grow beyond the plant wall limits and capacity.
    The plant wall and modules can be in the form of various configurations, and create a vertical garden or other structure incorporating live plants. Such structures, for example, free standing towers, structures, and walls, are described in copending U.S. application No. 12/661,848 and provisional U.S. patent application No. 61/233,188, the descriptions of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, the plant wall for growing plants may comprise an array of modules, each module filled with a growth medium preferably having openings in which plants are attached, and from which plants can grow from the growth medium. . An irrigation system distributes water to each module. Each module can be removed and replaced without removing the irrigation system from the wall. Additionally, a drainage channel is formed so that excess water can exit the modules. Capillary breaks can also provide within the growth medium of each module to aid in water distribution through the growth medium and control plant root growth through the medium.
    As illustrated in figures 1 to 5, a plant wall 2 can be formed into a wall 4. The plant wall 2 can be formed from a module 10 or a plurality of modules 10. In the example illustrated in figure 1, a matrix 8 (illustrated by way of example as four rows of two columns) is formed, the matrix consisting of a plurality of modules 10. The modules 10 each include a main body 11, which may take the form of a rectangular box. substantially hollow, but can also take the form of various other shapes such as circles, ovals, squares, other polygonal shapes, or irregular shapes. Additionally, while being illustrated as an array of identical or nearly identical structures and shapes, the plant wall may alternatively be formed from a combination of different shaped modules 10.
    Each module 10 includes an inert growth medium 20 housed within main bodies 11 of modules 10 (see figures 4 and 5). Growth medium 20 can fill the interior of module 10 or a part thereof. The growth medium is preferably an inert mineral fiber, for example horticultural rockwool, an example of which is sold under the trademark Gro/dan®. A particular type of Gro/dan® suitable for use as an inert growth medium is the product reference PP 100/100, although other types and grades of Gro/dan® may be used. Additionally, other suitable inert growth media which are preferably inorganic, chemically inert, and dimensionally stable, can be employed. In another example, the inert growth medium is oriented within the modules 10 such that the longitudinal fibers of the inert growth medium, such as the fibers of a mineral fiber, extend substantially parallel to the upper face 18 and lower face 14.
    Inert growth medium 20 may additionally include openings (not shown) for receiving plants. The openings can extend through the entire thickness of the growth medium or partially through it. The openings are sized to receive and hold plants positioned within the openings. In a preferred example, the plant roots are positioned in the openings, and the leaf parts and/or flower parts of the plants extend outward from the openings. The growing medium allows plant roots to grow inward, through as well as behind the growing medium, thus additionally securing and anchoring the plants to the growing medium.
    The main bodies 11 of the modules 10 each include a front face 12 and openings 12a formed therein through which plants can grow from the growing medium 20. While illustrated as circles, the openings can take any shape, such as ovals, squares, rectangles, other polygonal shapes, or irregular shapes. The openings 12a can be sized to match the size of the openings formed in the growth medium and can be larger or smaller. In one example, openings 12a are larger than openings formed in the growing medium that allow plants to grow and spread outward from the main body. Additionally, the exposed parts of the growing medium, for example, the parts of the growing medium not covered by the front face 12, attract moss, algae or other similar plants and organisms which attach to the growing medium and grow therefrom. The front face 12 may also include vent holes (not shown) to supply additional air to the growth medium 20. The front face 12 may also include a felt or textured surface on which moss, algae, or other similar plants or organisms can attach and grow, thus giving the front of the modules a green appearance. Each main body 11 also has a lower face 14, which is preferably sealed, a rear face 16, which is preferably open allowing water to escape from the module 10, an upper face 18 with water inlet openings 18a, 18b and side faces 17a, 17b. Each main body 11 may also include a ferrule 13 extending upwardly from the front face 12. When two modules 10 are placed close together, with the ferrule 13 of one module 10 bearing against the front face 12 of the other module , a cavity 19 is formed between the upper face 18 of one module 10 and the lower face 14 of the other module 10. As illustrated in Figure 3, the ferrule 13 allows the front faces 12 of the modules 10 to rest together without spaces between the same. This gives the impression that two front faces are on a single flat surface, while still providing the cavity 19 between the components for an irrigation system (discussed below), which cannot be seen.
    Wall 4 can be a freestanding structure or a wall of a building, or other vertical structure, such as free standing structures described in copending US application No. 12/661,848 and US provisional patent application No. 61/233,188, the descriptions of which are incorporated herein by reference. A support frame 6, eg a plywood sheet (figure 1) or cladding rails (figure 5) can be provided to secure modules 10 to wall 4. Modules can also be attached directly to wall 4 without use of a support structure. Additionally, the wall 4 can include a support structure 6 as part of its structure. As shown in figure 1, support structure 6 is provided with brackets 6a, 6b for securing support structure 6 to wall 4. As illustrated in figure 5, support structure 6 comprises vertical cladding rails 6c secured to wall 4 The casing rails 6c may be spaced apart by a suitable horizontal distance, such as a distance shorter than the width of the modules 10. In another example, the horizontal casing rails or other configurations may be provided on the wall 4 and spaced apart by a suitable distance. Modules 10 can be secured to wall 4 and/or support frame 6 using screws 15 or other suitable fasteners.
    A drainage channel is provided between the rear of each module 10 and the support structure 6. The drainage channel may take the form of an empty space formed behind the rear 16 of the modules. As illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, the drainage channel is formed by a drainage membrane 31. As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the drainage membrane 31 can be constituted of a web 32 interlacing and a sheet permeable 34. The web interweaving 32 is located between an impermeable backing sheet 30 and the permeable sheet 34. The web web 32 may be comprised of an interwoven web web of plastic, polymer or other suitable material. The web web 32 is positioned adjacent to and preferably secured to the impermeable backing sheet 30. The permeable sheet 34, such as a water permeable fabric or other suitable material, is provided in the web web 32 adjacent to the back face 16 of the modules 10. Fabric interlacing 32 serves as a substrate for permeable sheet 34, and forms a space between the back 16 of modules 10 and backing sheet 30. The space can be created by the fabric interlacing structure itself , or by providing the web 32 interweaving with raised parts or other structures. The space creates a drain channel between the rear face 16 of the modules 10 and the backing sheet 30. The drain channel can be configured to hold about 15% or more of irrigation water supplied to the modules at a time. In other examples, the drainage channel can be configured to hold less than about 15% of the irrigation water.
    In one example, the drainage membrane 31 may take the form of a geotextile composite. Suitable geotextile compounds are sold by Terram Limited, Great Britain. Geotextile composites include an extruded impermeable polymer grid core with a permeable filter attached or otherwise attached to one side of the grid core. The polymer grid core includes raised portions to which the permeable filter is attached or otherwise attached. The raised parts and voids between them create a drainage channel through which excess water distributed to the growing medium can be removed from the module, as discussed in more detail below.
    The drainage membrane 31 may consist of a single piece of material or a plurality of pieces of material weighed together by suitable techniques. Additionally, the drainage membrane may be secured to the support structure 6 via the support sheet 30 or may be secured to the rear faces 16 of the modules 10. In another example, each module 10 may include a drainage membrane 31 integrated with the module 10 , and secured or otherwise attached, for example, to the rear face 14 of the module 10.
    The waterproof backing sheet 30, like the watertight backing panel, is provided adjacent to the support structure 6. The backing sheet 30 can be secured in any conventional manner to the support structure 6. In one example, the sheet The backing sheet 30 can be formed from a plurality of backing sheets, secured and sealed to form an impermeable backing sheet 30. The waterproof backing sheet 30 prevents water and moisture from coming into contact with the support structure 6 and the wall 4.
    An irrigation system is provided to distribute water (and any necessary nutrients) to the openings 18a, 18b in the top face 18 of each module 10. The irrigation system includes a tube 40 located adjacent the top face 18 of the modules 10. The tube includes water drain openings 42 for distributing water to the water inlet openings 18a, 18b of each module. Tube 40 can be mounted on battens 44 located between modules 10 (figure 2). Battens 44 can also serve to support the underside 14 of the modules 10 while the modules are being attached to the support frame 6, especially the first time the modules 10 are placed on the frame 6. The tube 30 is attached to the support frame. 6 and positioned in cavity 19 formed between top 18 of one module 10 and bottom 14 of another module 10. Tubes 30 may include valves located incrementally along the length of tube 30. The valves regulate the amount of water delivered. for modules 10 and ensure that the water is distributed evenly throughout the irrigation system.
    The irrigation system may also include a suitable tank or reservoir to hold water for supply to the plant wall. The irrigation system also includes suitable pumps or other devices to distribute adequate amounts of water through the system. Additionally, if desired, the irrigation system includes mixers, such as a propeller, or other suitable equipment to combine the proper amount of nutrients with the water. Nutrients can be stored in a reservoir or other suitable equipment integrated into the irrigation system to control the supply of adequate amounts and types of nutrients to the plant wall. In one example, the irrigation system is controlled by a computer or other suitable controller and/or microprocessor. The controller can operate the pumps and valves to control the amount of water supplied to the wall. Additionally, the controller can operate the impellers and mixers that supply nutrients to the irrigation water. The irrigation system can also be controlled locally at the plant wall location, or remotely via a suitable communications network. In other examples, the irrigation system includes sensors such as flow rate and/or temperature sensors to monitor the conditions of the irrigation system and plant wall. Sensors can be electrically connected to the controller to provide signals and feedback to the controller. For example, the controller can be provided with information such as weather patterns, weather forecasts, and plant wall conditions, eg temperature and humidity. The controller can then adjust the amount of water and/or nutrients supplied to the plant wall based on this information. In one example, during a hot, dry period, the controller may operate to supply more water to the plant wall compared to a cooler or wet period.
    As illustrated in figure 2, water (and any necessary nutrients) is distributed to each module 10 by the irrigation system to irrigate the plants maintained in it. Irrigation tubes 40 distribute water through water drain openings 42 to the top 18 of modules 10. Water flows through openings 18a, 18b. Inert growth medium 20 absorbs water and distributes water throughout the growth medium. In one example, inert growth media once fully saturated may retain about 10 times its dry weight of water and nutrients, although growth media may retain other amounts depending on the properties of the medium. Any excess water distributed to the growth medium 20 exits the growth medium through the rear face 16 of the module 10. The excess water exiting the inert growth medium 20 enters the drainage channel through the permeable sheet 34 and flows downward. from module 10 without entering other modules 10 located below. This prevents over-watering and waterlogging of plants near the bottom of the plant wall, and thus facilitates consistent plant growth along the entire height of the plant wall, in another example, modules 10 can be configured to allow water to escape from one or more side faces 17a, 17b of the module 10 into a drainage channel positioned between the back 16 of each module 10 and the backing sheet 30, rather than or in addition to the water which escapes from the rear face 16 of each module 10.
    If it is desirable to remove a module 10 from the support frame 6, the module can simply be removed by removing screws 15 or other fasteners. This can be done without interfering with the irrigation system. The irrigation pipes 40 can remain in place, that is, in their installed position, while the modules are installed, removed, replanted, and replaced in the plant wall. This allows for ease of maintenance and replacement of plant wall modules. Additionally, removing the modules without disturbing the irrigation system improves the ease with which the creative plant wall design can be altered or modified. For example, by allowing for an easy, efficient and simple exchange of modules having different plant designs located thereon, the plant wall can be modified and changed quickly and easily without considerable additional effort required to remove the plant system as well. irrigation. Another benefit is that the irrigation system can be used with different types of modules to grow plants on the plant wall. These different modules preferably include structure forming a cavity to receive the irrigation system, to contain and supply water to the modules.
    As illustrated in Figure 4, a gutter 46 is positioned below the modules 10 to collect excess water from the drainage channel. Rail 46 is secured to the wall by bracket 48 or other suitable fastener. The gutter 46 is positioned across the support sheet 30 and configured so that water exiting the drainage channel does not leak back into and contact the support structure 6 or wall 4. The gutter 46 can lead to a reservoir or other suitable storage equipment so that excess water can be collected and, if desired, reused or recycled back into the irrigation system. This reduces the amount of water used by the irrigation system, thus improving its efficiency and creating a sustainable structure for plant growth.
    Figure 5 illustrates an example of a module 10 having an inert growth medium 20 made up of sections of growth medium 50 separated by capillary breaks 52. The capillary breaks 52 may take the form of a void. Sections 50 are preferably longitudinal. Sections 50 can take any other format. For example, instead of longitudinal sections, a plurality of square sections can be provided. In this example, each row of square sections comprises a longitudinal section and capillary breaks need not be provided between adjacent square sections located in the same row (ie vertically between each adjacent square section) although they can be provided if desired. The capillary breaks 52 extend horizontally between the sections 50. Additionally, a capillary break can be created below the lowermost section 50 adjacent to the interior of the bottom 14 of the module 10. In one example, the sections 50 can be configured and dimensioned. so that the capillary breaks are located around every 100 mm along the height of the module, although other dimensions can be used.
    In another example, the capillary breaks may take the form of a capillary membrane that forms a void between sections 50 of the growth medium 20. The capillary membrane may be formed of a plastic interlocking core or other suitable material having permeable tissue or other suitable permeable material joined or otherwise secured to either side of the intertwining core. In a preferred example, the capillary break is formed from a geotextile composite. Examples of geotextile compounds suitable for use as capillary membranes are the Terram Filtram products sold by Terram Limited, Great Britain. The geotextile composite comprises a permeable polymer extruded interlocking core having apertures formed therein covered on one or both sides by a permeable non-woven filter. Other suitable materials can be used to form the capillary break as described herein.
    Capillary breaks 52 help to control the descent of water through the growing medium in order to maintain a relatively consistent moisture content throughout the growing medium. The capillaries 52 slow down the descent of water through the sections of the growth medium 50. Additionally, the breaks 52 evenly distribute the moisture content of each section 50 of the growth medium. Additionally, excess water supplied to the growth medium can exit the growth medium into a rear and/or side drainage channel through capillary breaks 52. As a result, the water is distributed evenly through the growth medium inert so that plants near the top do not die from lack of water, while plants near the bottom do not die from excessive water. In the example of capillary breakage formed from a capillary membrane, while water can pass through the capillary membrane, roots cannot grow through the membrane. As a result, the capillary membrane controls and prevents the growth of roots that descend through the capillary break. This prevents the roots from growing into the empty space created by the capillary break, and thus keeps the space empty. Maintaining empty space allows the break to evenly distribute water as it descends through sections 50 of the inert growth medium.
    Figures 6 and 7 illustrate another example of module 10. Each module 10 includes a main body 11 as discussed above having a front face 12, a lower face 14, a rear face 16, side faces 17a, 17b, and an upper face 18 having a water inlet opening 18a. A leading fascia 60 is provided along with an insert 62 which can be secured to the leading face 12 of the main body 11. The leading fascia 60 may take the form of a frame as illustrated, or other suitable shape and configuration. Fascia 60 includes a ferrule 63, such as that described above, to allow the front faces 12 of modules 10 to rest together without intervening spaces. This gives the impression that the front faces comprise a single flat surface. Insert 62 includes openings 62a formed through which plants can grow from the growth medium 20. As discussed above, openings 62a can be sized to match the size of the openings formed in the growing medium or they can be larger or smaller. Insert 62 may also consist of or include a felt or textured surface. Insert 62 attracts moss and algae and allows the moss and algae to grow and provide the front of the modules with a green appearance.
    Each module 10 also includes a drain module 70 provided adjacent to the rear face 16 of the main body 11. The drain module 70 includes a front wall 72 and a rear wall 74 having a drain channel 76 formed therebetween. A drain opening 73 is provided in the front wall 72. The drain opening 73 opens inwardly and provides a passage to the drain channel 76 from the front of the drain module 70 adjacent to the rear face 16 of the main body 11. drain modules 70 include a top 78 having an opening 79 and a bottom 80, also having an opening 81. Top 78 is configured to receive the bottom 80 of an adjacent drain module 70. Similarly, the bottom 80 is configured to be received by the top 78 of an adjacent drain module 70. Each drain module 70 may also include a side drain 82 located on one or both sides of the drain module 70.
    Drain module 70 may additionally include a heating element 90, such as a heating coil or cable, e.g., a resistance heating coil. In another example, the heating element may comprise tubing suitable for receiving a heated fluid, such as copper tubing for receiving heated water. The heating element acts to maintain the temperature of module 10 and growth medium 20 during freezing temperatures or high daily fluctuations. For example, during the spring freeze-thaw cycle, the heating element can keep the modules and growing medium at a temperature to prevent the water stored in the growing medium from freezing during cold night temperatures. Additionally, the heating element can be used during winter to keep the modules at a suitable temperature. Maintaining proper temperatures allows plants to continue to grow and/or prevents plant death during otherwise unsuitable conditions.
    As discussed above, an irrigation system is provided to supply water and nutrients to the growth medium 20 housed in modules 10. As illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, an irrigation tube 40 can be secured by fasteners 41 or other suitable mechanisms to a wall or other structure (not shown). During operation, the irrigation system, through openings 42 formed in tube 40, delivers water and nutrients (if necessary or desired) to growth medium 20 through water inlet opening 18a formed at the top of main body 11. The growing medium 20 absorbs the water and nutrients and distributes them to the plants located within the medium 20. Any excess water and nutrients exit the growing medium through the rear face 16 of the main body 11. growth medium 20 contacts the front wall 72 of the drain module 70 and flows down to the drain opening 73. The water then enters the drain channel 76 through the drain opening 73. The excess water can then flow out into adjacent drain modules 70 located below, until reaching a chute as described above, or any other suitable drainage network. If desired, excess water can also flow out of the drain channel 76 through side drains 82 formed on the sides of the drain modules 70. The side drains 82 can be formed near the top of the drain module 70, as illustrated in figure 7, near the bottom of the drain module 70, or at intermediate positions, or a combination thereof. If side drains 82 are used, suitable gutters or similar equipment can be used to collect the water exiting the side drains 82. For example, side drain channels can be created along the sides of modules 10 or between adjacent modules 10. In one example, a drainage membrane, as discussed above, may be located adjacent to one or both sides of the modules and extend vertically from there to create a lateral drainage channel.
    Another example of module 10 is illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. Main body 11 can be formed from a first section 100 and a second section 102, which are joined in any suitable way to form the main body 11. The sections can be molded or otherwise formed from suitable materials, such as polymers, plastics, composites, traditional building materials, or combinations thereof. The lower section 100 includes an upper face 18 having water inlet openings 18a, 18b formed therein. In this example, rear face 16 is closed and includes drain openings 16a formed near lower face 14 of main body 11. Drain openings 16a may also be formed at other locations along rear face 16. First section 100 is also includes side faces 17a, 17b. Although not shown, the side faces 17a, 17b may include drain openings in addition to or in place of drain openings 16a. Each face of the main body 11 is connected to an adjacent face through hinges 104.
    Second section 102 comprises front face 12 which includes openings 12a formed to allow plants to grow therefrom. As discussed above, the openings 12a can be sized to match the size of the openings formed in the growth medium or they can be larger or smaller. Vent holes (not shown) can also be formed on the front face 12. The front face 12 can also include a textured or felt front on which moss, algae or similar plants and organisms can attach and grow. As illustrated in Figure 10, the second section 102 may include raised portions 106 formed on the inner face. Raised portions 106 help to trap and support the inert growth medium within the main body 11, for example, as illustrated in Figure 12.
    Upon assembly of the main body 11, the faces can be folded along hinges and secured together by any suitable device to form an open rectangular box. The front face 14 of the second section 102 is then secured to the first section 100 by any suitable means to thereby complete the assembly of the main body 11. In a preferred example, support fasteners 112 may be provided at the corners of the main body. to reinforce and reinforce the main body where the first section 100 and second section 102 are fastened together.
    As illustrated in Figures 11 and 12, the main body 11 may include capillary breaks 52. Figure 11 illustrates the front of the module without the front face 14 located thereon. As discussed above, capillary breaks can take the form of capillary membranes. The capillary membranes are supported within the main body by shelves 110. Shelves 110 also support inert growth medium 20 such as longitudinal sections 50 (discussed above) of inert growth medium located on top of the capillary membranes. The inert growth medium can be sized so that a space is formed between the back face 16 and the back of the inert growth medium 20 when the inert growth medium 20 is located within the main body 11. Figure 11 also illustrates a sub-assembly of drain openings 16a formed near the bottom of the back face 16. Additionally, although not shown, a capillary membrane may be placed in front of the drain openings 16a between the rear portion of the inert growth medium 20 and the interior of rear face 16. This capillary membrane prevents plant roots from escaping from the module through openings 16a and growing beyond the limits of the module.
    During operation, water and any necessary nutrients are supplied through the irrigation tube 40 to the inert growth medium 20 as described above. As water and nutrients enter the water inlet openings 18a, 18b and descend through the growing medium, the water and nutrients are evenly distributed throughout the growing medium. When water and nutrients come into contact with the capillary membrane, they spread across the membrane so that the water and nutrients can be evenly distributed to the longitudinal section 50 located below the membrane. Additionally, excess water and nutrients leave the capillary membrane and travel down the space formed between the back of the inert growth medium and the back face 16 of the main body. Excess water then passes through the capillary membrane positioned over the drain openings 16a before exiting the module through the openings 16a. Additionally, side drain openings (not shown) may be provided on one or both of the side faces 17a, 17b in place of or in addition to the drain openings 16a so that water leaving the capillary membrane can exit inwards. from a space formed between the inert growth medium 20 and one or both of the side faces 17a, 17b and through the side drainage openings. In this way, water and nutrients that leave the capillary membrane at one level do not travel back into the growth medium at a lower level. In this way, as discussed above, the modules 10 keep the plants robust and able to grow equally through the plant wall. Additionally, the plant wall and modules provide root control so that the roots are confined and contained in and around the modules, and do not grow beyond the limits and capacity of the modules 10.
    Several alternative modalities and examples have been described and illustrated here. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the characteristics of the individual modalities, and possible combinations and variations of the components. A person skilled in the art should appreciate that any of the embodiments and examples may be provided in any combination with other embodiments and examples described herein.
    While the foregoing has described what is considered the best mode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modifications can be made here and that the subject matter described herein can be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings can be applied to numerous applications, only a few of which have been described here. The appended claims are intended to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    1. Plant wall (2) for plant growth, characterized in that it comprises: a removable module (10) for housing an inert growth medium (20), the removable module (10) having a front part, a rear part, an upper part and a lower part, the inert growth medium (20) configured to receive at least one plant; a support structure (6) for securing the removable module (10) to a wall (2); a drainage channel (76) formed between the rear of the module (10) and the support structure (6), the drainage channel (76) is formed in a drainage membrane (31) comprising a permeable membrane (34) and an impermeable membrane (30), the permeable membrane (34) being positioned adjacent to the rear of the removable module (10), and an irrigation system for delivering water and nutrients to the growth medium (20), wherein the module The removable module (10) and the irrigation system are configured so that the removable module (10) can be removed from the support structure (6) without removing the irrigation tube, and that excess water is distributed to the growing medium. Inert (20) by the irrigation system leaves the growth medium (20) through the permeable membrane and goes into the drainage channel (76) without entering another module located below.
    [0002]
    2. Plant wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear of the module (10) includes drainage openings (73) to allow excess water to exit the inert growing medium (20).
    [0003]
    3. Plant wall, according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage channel (76) is formed in a drainage module (70) positioned between the rear part of the removable module (10) and the structure of support (6).
    [0004]
    4. Plant wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage channel (76) is configured so that the removable module (10) can be removed from the support structure (6) without removing the channel drainage (76).
    [0005]
    5 Plant wall according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a plurality of removable modules (10) configured as a matrix (8).
    [0006]
    6. Plant wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the inert growth medium (20) comprises a plurality of sections (50) separated from one another by a capillary break (52).
    [0007]
    7. Plant wall, according to claim 1, characterized in that the inert growth medium (20) comprises a mineral fiber oriented substantially in parallel with respect to the top and bottom of the module (10).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BR112012010908A2|2020-12-15|
    MX2012005352A|2012-09-07|
    EP2498590B1|2016-01-27|
    EP3045034A1|2016-07-20|
    NZ600106A|2014-08-29|
    GB2475101B|2014-01-08|
    JP5687707B2|2015-03-18|
    US9226457B2|2016-01-05|
    DK2498590T3|2016-04-11|
    KR20120104536A|2012-09-21|
    GB0919544D0|2009-12-23|
    JP2013509886A|2013-03-21|
    AU2010314895A1|2012-05-31|
    US20110107667A1|2011-05-12|
    KR101877270B1|2018-07-11|
    WO2011057212A2|2011-05-12|
    AU2010314895B2|2013-11-21|
    GB2475101A|2011-05-11|
    EP3045034B1|2020-07-01|
    WO2011057212A3|2011-06-30|
    ES2821917T3|2021-04-28|
    CA2779628C|2017-12-05|
    CA2779628A1|2011-05-12|
    EP2498590A2|2012-09-19|
    ES2562180T3|2016-03-02|
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    法律状态:
    2020-12-22| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/11/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB0919544.7A|GB2475101B|2009-11-09|2009-11-09|Wall for growing plants|
    GB0919544.7|2009-11-09|
    US12/872,657|US9226457B2|2009-11-09|2010-08-31|Plant wall and modules for growing plants|
    US12/872,657|2010-08-31|
    PCT/US2010/055866|WO2011057212A2|2009-11-09|2010-11-08|Plant wall and modules for growing plants|
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